Recombinant Human CD257/TNFSF13B, N-His

Description of Recombinant Human CD257/TNFSF13B, N-His

Introduction

Recombinant Human CD257/TNFSF13B, also known as B-cell Activating Factor (BAFF), is a cytokine protein that plays a crucial role in the immune system. It is encoded by the TNFSF13B gene and is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. BAFF is a homotrimeric protein that is primarily expressed by immune cells, including monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and T cells. It is involved in B cell survival, maturation, and differentiation, making it an essential component of the adaptive immune response.

Structure of Recombinant Human CD257/TNFSF13B

The recombinant form of BAFF is produced through genetic engineering techniques, where the TNFSF13B gene is inserted into a suitable expression system, such as mammalian cells or bacteria. The resulting protein has a molecular weight of approximately 18 kDa and consists of 153 amino acids. BAFF is composed of three identical subunits, each containing a TNF homology domain and a C-terminal stalk region. The three subunits are held together by disulfide bonds, forming a stable trimeric structure.

Activity of Recombinant Human CD257/TNFSF13B

BAFF acts as a potent B cell survival factor by binding to its receptor, BAFF-R, on the surface of B cells. This binding activates the NF-kB signaling pathway, leading to the upregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins and the downregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins. As a result, BAFF promotes the survival and proliferation of B cells, which are essential for the production of antibodies and the formation of memory B cells.

In addition to its role in B cell survival, BAFF also plays a critical role in B cell maturation and differentiation. It can induce the differentiation of immature B cells into mature B cells and promote the production of immunoglobulins. BAFF also acts as a co-stimulatory molecule for B cell activation, enhancing the response of B cells to other stimuli, such as antigens.

Application of Recombinant Human CD257/TNFSF13B

Recombinant Human CD257/TNFSF13B has various applications in both research and clinical settings. One of the primary uses of BAFF is in the study of B cell biology and the immune response. By providing a recombinant form of BAFF, researchers can manipulate the levels of this cytokine in cell culture experiments, allowing for a better understanding of its role in B cell development and function.

In clinical settings, BAFF has been investigated as a potential therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In these diseases, there is an overproduction of BAFF, leading to the survival and activation of autoreactive B cells. By targeting BAFF with recombinant proteins or antibodies, it is possible to inhibit the survival and activation of these autoreactive B cells, potentially reducing disease symptoms.

Moreover, BAFF has also been studied as a potential treatment for B cell malignancies, such as B cell lymphomas and leukemias. By targeting BAFF, it is possible to induce apoptosis in cancerous B cells, making it a promising therapeutic approach.

Conclusion

In summary, Recombinant Human CD257/TNFSF13B is a cytokine protein that plays a crucial role in the immune system. Its structure, activity, and various applications make it a valuable tool for understanding B cell biology and potential therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases and B cell malignancies. Further research on BAFF and its recombinant form will continue to provide insights into its role in the immune response and its potential for clinical use.