Recombinant Human PSMB1 Protein, N-His

Description of Recombinant Human PSMB1 Protein, N-His

Introduction to Recombinant Human PSMB1 Protein

Recombinant Human PSMB1 Protein, also known as Proteasome Subunit Beta Type-1 or PSMB1, is a protein that plays a crucial role in the degradation of intracellular proteins. It is a subunit of the 20S proteasome, a large protein complex responsible for the degradation of damaged or misfolded proteins, as well as the regulation of key cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and immune response.

Structure of Recombinant Human PSMB1 Protein

The human PSMB1 gene is located on chromosome 6 and contains 9 exons, which undergo alternative splicing to produce two isoforms of the protein. The full-length isoform, PSMB1-α, is 264 amino acids long, while the shorter isoform, PSMB1-β, is 250 amino acids long. Both isoforms have a molecular weight of approximately 29 kDa.

The crystal structure of recombinant human PSMB1 protein has been determined, revealing a four-layered αββα sandwich fold. The protein contains seven β-strands and six α-helices, with a central cavity that serves as the active site for protein degradation. The N-terminal region of the protein contains a proline-rich loop, which is involved in protein-protein interactions within the proteasome complex.

Activity of Recombinant Human PSMB1 Protein

Recombinant Human PSMB1 Protein is an essential component of the 20S proteasome, where it acts as a catalytic subunit. The 20S proteasome is composed of four stacked rings, with two outer rings containing seven α-subunits and two inner rings containing seven β-subunits. PSMB1 is one of the three β-subunits responsible for the proteasome’s peptidase activity, along with PSMB2 and PSMB5.

The peptidase activity of the 20S proteasome is essential for the degradation of proteins tagged with ubiquitin, a process known as ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. This pathway plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by eliminating misfolded or damaged proteins, as well as regulating the levels of key proteins involved in cell signaling and immune response.

In addition to its role in protein degradation, recombinant human PSMB1 protein has been shown to have non-proteolytic functions. Studies have demonstrated that PSMB1 can interact with other proteins to regulate key cellular processes, such as cell cycle progression and DNA repair.

Applications of Recombinant Human PSMB1 Protein

The unique structure and activity of recombinant human PSMB1 protein make it an essential tool in various biological and medical applications. The protein is commonly used in research to study the role of the proteasome in cellular processes and to investigate the mechanisms of protein degradation. Recombinant PSMB1 protein is also used in drug discovery and development, as the proteasome has emerged as an attractive target for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.

Furthermore, recombinant human PSMB1 protein has potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Studies have shown that the levels of PSMB1 are altered in various diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease and multiple myeloma, making it a potential biomarker for disease diagnosis and prognosis. In addition, recombinant PSMB1 protein has been used in clinical trials as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and cancer.

Conclusion

In summary, recombinant human PSMB1 protein is a crucial component of the 20S proteasome, with essential roles in protein degradation and cellular processes regulation. Its unique structure and activity make it a valuable tool in various research and medical applications. Further studies on the protein’s functions and potential therapeutic applications may lead to new