Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein, N-His

Description of Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein, N-His

Introduction

Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein, also known as X-Ray Repair Cross Complementing 4, is a crucial protein involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). It is a 335 amino acid protein that plays a significant role in maintaining genomic stability and preventing the development of cancer. In this article, we will discuss the structure, activity, and applications of Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein.

Structure of Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein

The XRCC4 protein is composed of three domains – a N-terminal domain, a central coiled-coil domain, and a C-terminal domain. The N-terminal domain is responsible for binding to DNA ligase IV, while the central coiled-coil domain interacts with other proteins involved in DNA repair. The C-terminal domain contains a nuclear localization signal, which enables the protein to localize to the nucleus and perform its function.

Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein is produced using recombinant DNA technology, where the gene encoding for XRCC4 is inserted into a suitable expression vector and expressed in a host cell. The resulting protein is then purified using various chromatography techniques to obtain a highly pure and active form of XRCC4 protein.

Activity of Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein

XRCC4 is a key component of the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway, which is one of the major mechanisms for repairing DSBs in mammalian cells. Upon DNA damage, XRCC4 is recruited to the site of the break, where it interacts with DNA ligase IV to form a complex that is essential for the ligation of broken DNA ends.

XRCC4 also functions as a scaffold protein, bringing together other proteins involved in NHEJ, such as DNA-PKcs and XLF, to facilitate the repair process. It also plays a role in regulating the activity of DNA-PKcs, a key enzyme in NHEJ, by inhibiting its autophosphorylation and promoting its dephosphorylation, thus ensuring proper DNA repair.

Applications of Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein

Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein has various applications in both research and clinical settings. One of its main uses is in studying the molecular mechanisms of DNA repair and its role in maintaining genomic stability. It is also used in drug discovery and development, as targeting XRCC4 can potentially sensitize cancer cells to radiation and chemotherapy.

Furthermore, XRCC4 has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and immunodeficiency. Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein can be used to study these diseases and potentially develop new therapeutic strategies.

In addition, XRCC4 has been identified as a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein can be used to develop diagnostic tests that detect the levels of XRCC4 in patient samples, providing valuable information for disease management.

Conclusion

In summary, Recombinant Human XRCC4 Protein is a vital component of the DNA repair machinery and has numerous applications in both research and clinical settings. Its structure and activity make it an essential protein for maintaining genomic stability and preventing the development of diseases such as cancer. With ongoing research and advancements in recombinant protein technology, the potential of XRCC4 in various fields continues to expand, making it a promising target for future studies.