Recombinant Human GDF3, N-His

Description of Recombinant Human GDF3, N-His

Introduction to Recombinant Human GDF3

Recombinant Human GDF3 (growth differentiation factor 3) is a protein that belongs to the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily. It is a homodimeric protein that plays a critical role in embryonic development and tissue differentiation. Recombinant Human GDF3 is produced through recombinant DNA technology, making it a highly pure and biologically active protein. In this article, we will explore the structure, activity, and applications of Recombinant Human GDF3.

Structure of Recombinant Human GDF3

Recombinant Human GDF3 is a 26 kDa protein that is composed of two identical subunits, each consisting of 120 amino acids. The protein has a conserved cysteine knot structure, which is characteristic of the TGF-β superfamily. This structure is formed by six conserved cysteine residues that form three disulfide bonds, creating a knot-like structure. The cysteine knot is essential for the biological activity of GDF3.

Recombinant Human GDF3 also has a hydrophobic core and a highly flexible N-terminal region. The N-terminal region is responsible for the binding of GDF3 to its receptors, and it is also involved in the formation of the active dimeric structure. The hydrophobic core stabilizes the protein and protects it from degradation.

Activity of Recombinant Human GDF3

Recombinant Human GDF3 is a potent growth factor that plays a crucial role in embryonic development and tissue differentiation. It is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. GDF3 exerts its biological activity by binding to specific cell surface receptors, known as type I and type II receptors. The type I receptor, also known as activin receptor-like kinase (ALK) 5, is responsible for initiating the signaling cascade, while the type II receptor, also known as activin receptor type II (ActRII), is involved in ligand binding.

Upon binding to its receptors, GDF3 activates the SMAD signaling pathway, leading to the transcription of target genes involved in cell growth and differentiation. GDF3 has been shown to have both inhibitory and stimulatory effects on cell proliferation, depending on the cell type and context. It also has anti-inflammatory properties and has been shown to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Applications of Recombinant Human GDF3

Recombinant Human GDF3 has a wide range of applications in both research and clinical settings. In research, GDF3 is used as a tool to study the role of TGF-β superfamily proteins in embryonic development and tissue differentiation. It is also used to investigate the signaling pathways involved in cell growth and differentiation. Recombinant Human GDF3 is also used in cell culture experiments to study its effects on cell proliferation and differentiation.

In clinical settings, GDF3 has shown potential as a therapeutic agent for various diseases. It has been studied for its potential role in bone regeneration and wound healing. GDF3 has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects, making it a potential treatment for inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. Additionally, GDF3 has been investigated for its potential role in cancer therapy, as it has been shown to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in preclinical studies.

Conclusion

Recombinant Human GDF3 is a biologically active protein that plays a crucial role in embryonic development and tissue differentiation. Its structure, activity, and applications make it a valuable tool for researchers studying TGF-β superfamily proteins and their signaling pathways. In clinical settings, GDF3 has shown potential as a therapeutic agent for various diseases, making it a promising candidate for future drug development. Further research on Recomb