Recombinant Human TPH2 Protein, N-His

Description of Recombinant Human TPH2 Protein, N-His

Introduction

Recombinant Human TPH2 Protein is a synthetic form of the human tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) enzyme, which is responsible for the conversion of tryptophan into serotonin in the brain. This protein is produced through genetic engineering techniques, making it a valuable tool in the field of neuroscience research. In this article, we will explore the structure, activity, and applications of recombinant human TPH2 protein.

Structure of Recombinant Human TPH2 Protein

The recombinant human TPH2 protein is a homodimeric enzyme, meaning it is composed of two identical subunits. Each subunit has a molecular weight of approximately 55 kDa and consists of 490 amino acids. The overall structure of the protein is similar to other aromatic amino acid hydroxylases, with a central catalytic domain and a regulatory domain at the N-terminus.

The catalytic domain of TPH2 contains the active site, where the conversion of tryptophan to 5-hydroxytryptophan takes place. This domain also contains the binding sites for the cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) and the substrate tryptophan. The regulatory domain, on the other hand, plays a role in regulating the activity of the enzyme through interactions with other proteins and post-translational modifications.

Activity of Recombinant Human TPH2 Protein

The main function of TPH2 is the conversion of tryptophan, an essential amino acid, into 5-hydroxytryptophan, which is the first step in the biosynthesis of serotonin. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that is involved in various physiological processes, including mood regulation, sleep, and appetite. Therefore, TPH2 is a crucial enzyme in maintaining proper serotonin levels in the brain.

The activity of recombinant human TPH2 protein is highly dependent on the presence of the cofactor BH4. This molecule is essential for the proper folding and stability of the enzyme, as well as for the catalytic reaction. In addition, TPH2 activity can be regulated by various factors, such as other proteins, hormones, and neurotransmitters.

Applications of Recombinant Human TPH2 Protein

Recombinant human TPH2 protein has various applications in the field of neuroscience research. One of the main uses of this protein is in the study of serotonin biosynthesis and its role in different physiological processes. Researchers can use recombinant TPH2 protein to investigate the effects of different factors on the activity of the enzyme and the production of serotonin.

Moreover, recombinant TPH2 protein can be used to develop novel drugs for the treatment of serotonin-related disorders, such as depression and anxiety. By understanding the structure and activity of TPH2, scientists can design molecules that can modulate its activity and regulate serotonin levels in the brain.

Furthermore, recombinant TPH2 protein can be used as an antigen in the production of antibodies for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Antibodies against TPH2 can be used to detect the enzyme in tissues and cells, as well as to inhibit its activity in certain diseases.

Conclusion

In conclusion, recombinant human TPH2 protein is a valuable tool in neuroscience research, with its unique structure and activity. It plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis of serotonin and has various applications in the study and treatment of serotonin-related disorders. With ongoing research and advancements in genetic engineering, recombinant TPH2 protein continues to be an essential component in understanding the complex mechanisms of the brain.